Gas-heater



UNITED sTATEs IPATENT oEEIoE.

WILLIAM F. SHAW, OF BOSTON,- MASSAGHU'SETTS. Y:

GAS-HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent No.' 12,267, dated January 23, 1855.

To all whom/15 may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. SHAW, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and use; ful Apparatus for Mixing Air and a Combustible Gas and Producing' I-leat vTherefrom, which apparatus I term a gas=lieater, as it is intended to be used in connection with one or more coal-gas burners or dischargepipes; and I do hereby vdeclare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specication and the accompanying drawings, letters, figures, and references thereof. l

Of the said drawings, Figure 1, denotes a front elevation of my said apparatus; Fig. 2, is a transverse and vertical section of it; Fig. 3, is a horizontal section of it taken through the eduction pipes of what may be termed its surplus chamber of combustion.

In Fig. 2, of said drawings, A, exhibits a case, chamber or tube which is to be made open at its lower end and to have its upper end covered by what I term a gas disseminator, B, which is either a plate perforated with numerous fine holes or is composed of wire net work or some mechanical equivalent therefor. When the apparatus is' used, the open mouth or end of the case or tube, A, is to surround or be placed directly over one or more gas burners or pipes from which common combustible or coal gas is to be suffered to flow into the chamber, A, and to be conducted by it to the disseminator, B, so that the gas may escape or flow through the numerous apertures of said disseminator. With this gas, when that above the disseminator is enflamed, a current or currents of atmospheric air will commingle, such current or currents flowing freely into the conductor case, A, and being induced by the heat over the same. The air flowing through the numerous meshes or apertures of the disseminator will mix with the diffused gas and impart to it a large amount of oxygen which will greatly increase the heat produced by the combustion of the gas, and as my experiments have demonstrated will render a very small amount of gas capable of producing a much greater amount of heat than when such gas is burned directly at the mouth of the burner or discharge pipe. In

order to further increase the heat of the flame above the disseminator, the case, A, may be placed within. an external or surrounding case, or chamber C, through whose bottom or lower part openings, D, may be made for free admission of air into said chamber C. This air coming in contact with the flame above the disseminator, B, will facilitate combustion of the gases by contributing more oxygen thereto. It also serves to facilitate combustion of the gases in the chamber or reverberatory dome, which I shall now proceed to describe.

Out of the upper part of the chamber or oase, C, a flue tube, E, is carried, it being open at both top and bottom and surrounded by a reverberatory or surplus dome or cha mber, F, provided with one or more eduction pipes, Gr, G, leading out of the lower part as seen in the drawings. gas and air into numerous streams'by the disseminator, will cause some portion or portions of the same, to escape being burned in the disseminator. f

What gases escape combustion below the flue tube, E, will pass up said tube and into the dome or lchamber, F, and owing to their specific gravity or to their being lighter than atmospheric air they will congregate in the upper part of the dome and there be burned, their noncombustible volatile products and nearly all the heat produced by their combination being carried off through the eduction pipes, G, G. Such eduction pipes may be extended so as to constitute heat radiators or they may be made to lead into one or more heat radiators for the purpose of warming an apartment or series of apartments or for heating a fluid if required.

The apparatus as exhibited in the drawings herewith annexed may be arranged over either a common Argand iishtail or bat wing gas burner, in which case the gas burner may be made to serve two purposes, viz, that of giving light for illumination, and that of supplying the apparatus with the surplus gas and volatile products of combustion which together with the heat of the gas will be carried or made to pass into the apparatus which will operate to mix with them more or less atmospheric air and thoroughly burn them so as to produce more heat than could be obtained by them when consumed at the burner.` In this way the apparatus may be employed to great advantage over a common lighting burner and for heating a room or apartment.

I do not claim an air conducting tube A, and a perforated or net work top, B, thereto,

used in connection with a gas burner or'pipe The division of the and for the purpose of commingling air and gas; nor do I claim surrounding the same by a chamber for conducting air around the out-side" of the tube A, and to the flame that may be produced, when the combination of air and gas is in combustion directly above the net work or distributing top, B, nor do I claim in connection with the conducting air pipe and its perforated distributer an air chamber and a flue chamber surrounding it and having a discharging opening or passage at or near its upper end or top, the said hot air chamber not only having its bottom placed directly over the perforated disseminator so as to be heated by the flame that may be produced over the same but' having an induction-pipe at its lower end, and an air induction opening at its upper end, for this lastdevice or arrangement operates essentially diiferent from the flue tube, E, and the surrounding chamber of combustion or reverberato-ry dome, F, provided with an outlet at or near its lower part.

I am aware that Argand burners and some replaces have their iame or fuel chambers supplied with internal and external currents of air. I therefore do not claim the mere application of a means of applying air eX- ternally to a flame or mass of fuel, 1n a chamber although in my apparatus I accomplish this; but while I obtain such an advantage from the external current of air when let into the chamber, C, I secure a further effect, viz, that of supplying air to the surplus chamber or reverberatory dome, F, it will be seen that the chamber, C, has an important relation to the surplus chamber in this gas burning apparatus.

What therefore I claim as my invention 1s The arrangement and combination of the air pipes, A, the perforated distributer, B, the air chamber, C, the flue pipe, E, and its surrounding chamber of combustion or reverberatory dome, F, provided with an outlet pipe at or near its lower endthe said reverberatory dome or chamber being made to operate in connection with both the in ternal and external air ducts, and for burning the surplus or volatile products as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature this second day of November,

`WM. F. SHAW. Witnesses:

R. I-I. EDDY, F. P. HALE,Jr. 

